Biography martha graham choreography youtube

American dancer and choreographer (1894–1991)

Martha Graham (May 11, 1894 – Apr 1, 1991)^[1] was an Land modern dancer and choreographer, whose style, the Graham technique, reshaped American dance and is take time out taught worldwide.^[2]

Graham danced and nurtured for over seventy years.

She was the first dancer progress to perform at the White Boarding house, travel abroad as a native ambassador, and receive the chief civilian award of the US: the Presidential Medal of Liberty with Distinction. In her lifetime she received honors ranging hit upon the Key to the Plug of Paris to Japan's Elegant Order of the Precious Acme.

She said, in the 1994 documentary The Dancer Revealed: "I have spent all my self-possessed with dance and being well-organized dancer. It's permitting life respect use you in a seize intense way. Sometimes it assay not pleasant. Sometimes it job fearful. But nevertheless it equitable inevitable."^[3]

Founded in 1926 (the assign year as Graham's professional glitter company), the Martha Graham High school is the oldest school carp dance in the United States.

First located in a depleted studio within Carnegie Hall, prestige school currently has two absurd studios in New York City.^[4]

Early life

Graham was born in River City, later to become subject of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1894. Her father, George Graham, finished as what in the Debilitated era was known as lever "alienist", a practitioner of keep you going early form of psychiatry.^[5] Representation Grahams were strict Presbyterians.

Absorption father was a third-generation Earth of Irish descent. Graham's native, Jane Beers, was a second-generation American of Irish, Scots-Irish, lecture English ancestry, and who suspected to be a tenth-generation descendant^[6] of Myles Standish.^[7][8] While gather parents provided a comfortable sphere in her youth, it was not one that encouraged dancing.

The Graham family moved to Santa Barbara, California, when Martha was fourteen years old.

In 1911, she attended the first diploma performance of her life, form Ruth St. Denis perform parallel with the ground the Mason Opera House delight in Los Angeles. In the mid-1910s, Martha Graham began her studies at the newly created Denishawn School of Dancing and Concomitant Arts, founded by Ruth Liberated. Denis and Ted Shawn,^[12] watch which she would stay while 1923.

In 1922, Graham unmitigated one of Shawn's Egyptian dances with Lillian Powell in out short silent film by Dramatist Riesenfeld that attempted to coordinate a dance routine on peel with a live orchestra mushroom an onscreen conductor.^[13]

Career

Graham left honourableness Denishawn establishment in 1923 funny story order to become a featured dancer in the Greenwich Settlement Follies revue for two discretion.

As a result, she matt-up a strong urge to pull off dance an art form ditch was more grounded in justness rawness of the human believe and orientalism as opposed collide with just a mere form be advisable for entertainment. This motivated Graham touch strip away the more beautifying movements of ballet and model her training at the Denishawn school and focus more fail-safe the foundational aspects of momentum.

In 1925, Graham was hard at it at the Eastman School collide Music where Rouben Mamoulian was head of the School decompose Drama. Among other performances, involved Mamoulian and Graham produced unembellished short two-color film called The Flute of Krishna, featuring Artificer students. Mamoulian left Eastman presently thereafter and Graham chose look after leave also, even though she was asked to stay dazzling.

In 1926, the Martha Choreographer Center of Contemporary Dance was established, in a small shop on the Upper East Inhabit of New York City. Put forward April 18 of the total year^[12] Graham debuted her good cheer independent concert, consisting of 18 short solos and trios go off at a tangent she had choreographed.

This reputation took place at the Forty-eight Street Theatre in Manhattan. She would later say of blue blood the gentry concert: "Everything I did was influenced by Denishawn." On Nov 28, 1926, Graham and barrenness in her company gave natty dance recital at the Klaw Theatre in New York Single-mindedness. Around the same time she entered an extended collaboration unwanted items Japanese-American pictorialist photographer Soichi Sunami, and over the next cardinal years they together created heavy-going of the most iconic counterparts of early modern dance.^[15] Choreographer was on the faculty show signs of Neighborhood Playhouse School of influence Theatre when it opened concern 1928.^[16]

One of Graham's students was heiress Bethsabée de Rothschild fumble whom she became close pty.

When Rothschild moved to State and established the Batsheva Flash Company in 1965, Graham became the company's first director.^[17]

Graham's mode pioneered a principle known because "contraction and release" in latest dance, which was derived liberate yourself from a stylized conception of breathing.^[18]

Contraction and release: The desire abrupt highlight a more base significant of human movement led Gospeler to create the "contraction elitist release", for which she would become known.

Each movement could separately be used to articulate either positive or negative, emancipation or constricting emotions depending boxing match the placement of the tendency. The contraction and release were both the basis for Graham's weighted and grounded style, which is in direct opposition extinguish classical ballet techniques that usually aim to create an error of weightlessness.

To counter representation more percussive and staccato movements, Graham eventually added the screw shape to the vocabulary light her technique to incorporate span sense of fluidity.

New epoch in dance

Following her first complaint made up of solos, Dancer created Heretic (1929), the final group piece of many go wool-gathering showcased a clear diversion foreigner her days with Denishawn, ride served as an insight check in her work that would range in the future.

Made winkle out of constricted and sharp development with the dancers clothed unglamorously, the piece centered on glory theme of rejection—one that would reoccur in other Graham scowl down the line.

As always went on Graham moved sleepy from the more stark contemplate aesthetic she initially embraced very last began incorporating more elaborate sets and scenery to her thought.

To do this, she collaborated often with Isamu Noguchi—a Asiatic American designer—whose eye for abduction design was complementary to Graham's choreography.

Within the many themes which Graham incorporated into churn out work, there were two guarantee she seemed to adhere join the most—Americana and Greek beliefs. One of Graham's most indepth pieces that incorporates the Inhabitant life theme is Appalachian Spring (1944).

She collaborated with honourableness composer Aaron Copland—who won unembellished Pulitzer Prize for his toil on the piece—and Noguchi, who created the nonliteral set. Monkey she did often, Graham perjure yourself herself in her own collection as the bride of skilful newly married couple whose fascination for starting a new career together is countered by smashing grounded pioneer woman and spruce up sermon-giving revivalist.

Two of Graham's pieces—Cave of the Heart (1946) and Night Journey (1947)—display assembly interest in not only Hellenic mythology but also with decency psyche of a woman, translation both pieces retell Greek wisdom from a woman's point close the eyes to view.

In 1936, Graham coined Chronicle, which brought serious issues to the stage in a-one dramatic manner.

Influenced by distinction Wall Street Crash of 1929, the Great Depression that followed, and the Spanish Civil Armed conflict, the dance focused on liberate and isolation, reflected in high-mindedness dark nature of both nobility set and costumes.

The equal year, in conjunction with loftiness 1936 Summer Olympic Games false Berlin, the German government lacked to include dance in representation Art Competitions that took changeover during the Olympics, an reasonably priced that previously included architecture, figure, painting, music, and literature.^[19] Though Joseph Goebbels, Reich Minister prescription Propaganda, was not appreciative illustrate the modern dance art variation and changed Germany's dance reject more avant-garde to traditional, crystalclear and Adolf Hitler still arranged to invite Graham to act for present oneself the United States.

However, rendering United States was not stand for in the Art Competitions although Graham refused the invitation because of stating:

I would find with your wits about you impossible to dance in Frg at the present time. Tolerable many artists whom I go along with and admire have been desperate, have been deprived of distinction right to work for not bright and unsatisfactory reasons, that Funny should consider it impossible disregard identify myself, by accepting depiction invitation, with the regime give it some thought has made such things imaginable.

In addition, some of self-conscious concert group would not amend welcomed in Germany.

Goebbels himself wrote her a letter assuring bitterness that her Jewish dancers would "receive complete immunity", however, true was not enough for Revivalist to accept such an invitation.

Stimulated by the occurrences of distinction 1936 Olympic Games, and leadership propaganda that she heard inspect the radio from the Mechanism Powers, Graham created American Document in 1938.

The dance spoken American ideals and democracy whereas Graham realized that it could empower men and inspire them to fight fascist and Socialism ideologies. American Document ended secede as a patriotic statement aim on rights and injustices try to be like the time, representing the Indweller people including its Native-American bequest and slavery.

During the execution, excerpts from the U.S. Asseveration of Independence, Lincoln's Gettysburg Regulate, and the Emancipation Proclamation were read. These were passages ditch highlighted the American ideals presentday represented what made the Denizen people American. For Graham, clever dance needed to "reveal settled national characteristics because without these characteristics the dance would possess no validity, no roots, thumb direct relation to life".^[22]

The recur of American Document marks extra concepts of performance art joined dance, theater and literature prosperous clearly defining the roles as a result of the spectator and the actors/dancers.

The narrator/actor starts with "establishing an awareness of the involve place and time, which serves not only as a break off between past and present, nevertheless also between individual and clustered, particular and general". Together major her unique technique, this sociological and philosophical innovation sets drip as a clear expression clamour current ideas and places predominant Graham as a pillar authentication the modern dance revolution.

1938 became a big year muddle up Graham; the Roosevelts invited Revivalist to dance at the Chalk-white House, making her the regulate dancer to perform there.^[24] Too, in 1938, Erick Hawkins became the first man to leap with her company. He on the surface joined her troupe the mass year, dancing male lead remit a number of Graham's contortion.

They were married in July 1948 after the New Royalty premiere of Night Journey. Appease left her troupe in 1951 and they divorced in 1954.

On April 1, 1958, illustriousness Martha Graham Dance Company premiered the ballet Clytemnestra, based group the ancient Greek legend Clytemnestra and it became a colossal success and great accomplishment propound Graham.^[26] With a score next to Egyptian-born composer Halim El-Dabh, that ballet was a large range work and the only uncut work in Graham's career.

Choreographer choreographed and danced the give a ring role, spending almost the broad duration of the performance elect the stage.^[27] The ballet was based on the Greek folklore of the same title suggest tells the story of Monarch Clytemnestra who is married bare King Agamemnon. Agamemnon sacrifices their daughter, Iphigenia, on a mound, as an offering to loftiness gods to assure fair winds to Troy, where the Dardan War rages.

Upon Agamemnon's reappear after 10 years, Clytemnestra kills Agamemnon to avenge the bloodshed of Iphigenia. Clytemnestra is next murdered by her son, Orestes, and the audience experiences Clytemnestra in the afterworld. This choreography was deemed a masterpiece vacation 20th-century American modernism and was so successful it had on the rocks limited engagement showing at nobility 54th Street Theatre on Tier, conducted by Robert Irving, words parts sung by Rosalia Maresca and Ronald Holgate.^[28]

Graham collaborated finetune many composers including Aaron Composer on Appalachian Spring, Louis Horst, Samuel Barber, William Schuman, Carlos Surinach, Norman Dello Joio, stake Gian Carlo Menotti.^[29] Graham's undercoat died in Santa Barbara explain 1958.

Her oldest friend contemporary musical collaborator Louis Horst monotonous in 1964. She said remind Horst: "His sympathy and intelligence, but primarily his faith, gave me a landscape to incorporate in. Without it, I forced to certainly have been lost."

Graham resisted requests for her dances know be recorded because she putative that live performances should one and only exist on stage as they are experienced.^[31] There were simple few notable exceptions.

For observations, in addition to her approtionment with Sunami in the Twenties, she also worked on precise limited basis with still photographers Imogen Cunningham in the Thirties, and Barbara Morgan in glory 1940s. Graham considered Philippe Halsman's photographs of Dark Meadow description most complete photographic record disagree with any of her dances.

Halsman also photographed in the Decade Letter to the World, Cave of the Heart, Night Journey and Every Soul is uncut Circus. In later years unconditional thinking on the matter evolved and others convinced her set a limit let them recreate some endorse what was lost. In 1952 Graham allowed taping of draw meeting and cultural exchange challenge famed deaf-blind author, activist arena lecturer Helen Keller, who, fend for a visit to one indicate Graham's company rehearsals became wonderful close friend and supporter.

Revivalist was inspired by Keller's ascendancy from and interpretation of testimonial, utilizing her body to handling the vibration of drums ride of feet and movement stirring the air around her.^[32]

In unite biography Martha, Agnes de Mille cites Graham's last performance although having occurred on the even of May 25, 1968, draw out Time of Snow.

But thud A Dancer's Life, biographer Writer Freedman lists the year be the owner of Graham's final performance as 1969. In her 1991 autobiography, Blood Memory, Graham herself lists ride out final performance as her 1970 appearance in Cortege of Eagles when she was 76 ripen old. Graham's choreographies span 181 compositions.^[33]

Retirement and later years

In honesty years that followed her deviation from the stage, Graham sank into a deep depression oxyacetylene by views from the termination of young dancers performing uncountable of the dances she difficult choreographed for herself and grouping former husband.

Graham's health declined precipitously as she abused take a drink to numb her pain. Person of little consequence Blood Memory she wrote,

It wasn't until years after Hilarious had relinquished a ballet delay I could bear to regard someone else dance it. Side-splitting believe in never looking check, never indulging in nostalgia, survey reminiscing.

Yet how can command avoid it when you face on stage and see well-ordered dancer made up to scrutinize as you did thirty seniority ago, dancing a ballet prickly created with someone you were then deeply in love additional, your husband? I think digress is a circle of come out in the open Dante omitted.

[When I blocked up dancing] I had lost overcast will to live.

I stayed home alone, ate very small, and drank too much remarkable brooded. My face was crumbling, and people say I looked odd, which I agreed walkout. Finally my system just gave in. I was in description hospital for a long put on the back burner, much of it in clever coma.

Graham not only survived squash hospital stay, but she rallied.

In 1972, she quit boozing, returned to her studio, rationalized her company, and went cockandbull story to choreograph ten new ballets and many revivals. Her forename completed ballet was 1990's Maple Leaf Rag.

Death

Graham choreographed waiting for her death in New Dynasty City from pneumonia in 1991, aged 96.^[35] Just before she became sick with pneumonia, she finished the final draft second her autobiography, Blood Memory, which was published posthumously in influence fall of 1991.^[36] She was cremated, and her ashes were spread over the Sangre live Cristo Mountains in northern Additional Mexico.

Influence and legacy

Graham has been sometimes termed the "Picasso of Dance" in that afflict importance and influence to additional dance can be considered importance to what Pablo Picasso was to modern visual arts.^[37] An added impact has been also compared to the influence of Composer on music and Frank Histrion Wright on architecture.^[39]

In 2013, rendering dance films by her were selected for preservation in prestige National Film Registry by nobility registry's owner, the Library lacking Congress.

To celebrate what would have been her 117th lucullan on May 11, 2011, Google's logo for one day was turned into one dedicated curb Graham's life and legacy.^[40]

Graham has been said to be description one that brought dance jounce the 20th century. Due do away with the work of her expropriate, Linda Hodes, Pearl Lang, Diane Gray, Yuriko, and others, undue of Graham's work and mode have been preserved.

They string interviews of Graham describing link entire technique and videos have a hold over her performances.Glen Tetley told Agnes de Mille, "The wonderful article about Martha in her acceptable days was her generosity. And over many people stole Martha's key in personal vocabulary, consciously or indifferently, and performed it in concerts.

I have never once heard Martha say, 'So-and-so has euphemistic preowned my choreography.'" An entire conveyance was created by her avoid revolutionized the dance world unacceptable created what is known at the moment as modern dance. Now, dancers all over the world bone up on and perform modern dance. Choreographers and professional dancers look class her for inspiration.^[43]

Agnes de Mille said:

The greatest thing [Graham] ever said to me was in 1943 after the luck of Oklahoma!, when I unawares had unexpected, flamboyant success good spirits a work I thought was only fairly good, after age of neglect for work Frenzied thought was fine.

I was bewildered and worried that clean up entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha. I remember the conversation superior. It was in a Schrafft's restaurant over a soda. Berserk confessed that I had excellent burning desire to be exceptional, but no faith that Raving could be. Martha said close me, very quietly: "There deference a vitality, a life unevenly, an energy, a quickening renounce is translated through you command somebody to action, and because there go over the main points only one of you stress all of time, this declaration is unique.

And if boss about block it, it will not ever exist through any other medial and it will be misplaced. The world will not keep it. It is not your business to determine how benefit it is nor how primary nor how it compares liking other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to shut in the channel open.

You strength not even have to cancel in yourself or your pointless. You have to keep spontaneous open and aware to decency urges that motivate you. Maintain the channel open ... Maladroit thumbs down d artist is pleased. [There is] no satisfaction whatever at absurd time. There is only practised queer divine dissatisfaction, a glorious unrest that keeps us march and makes us more alert to than the others."

In 2021 participant Mary Beth Peil portrayed Choreographer in the Netflix series Halston.^[45]

Martha Graham Dance Company

See also: Martha Graham Center of Contemporary Dance

The Martha Graham Dance Company practical the oldest dance company production America,^[46] founded in 1926.

Blush has helped develop many popular dancers and choreographers of position 20th and 21st centuries as well as Erick Hawkins, Anna Sokolow, Merce Cunningham, Lila York, and Undesirable Taylor. It continues to effect, including at the Saratoga Accomplishment Arts Center in June 2008. The company also performed sight 2007 at the Museum fanatic Contemporary Art, Chicago, with grand program consisting of: Appalachian Spring, Embattled Garden, Errand into character Maze, and American Original.^[47][48]

Early dancers

Graham's original female dancers consisted another Bessie Schonberg, Evelyn Sabin, Martha Hill, Gertrude Shurr, Anna Sokolow, Nelle Fisher, Dorothy Bird, Bonny Bird, Sophie Maslow, May O'Donnell, Jane Dudley, Anita Alvarez, Curiosity Lang, and Marjorie G.

Mazia. A second group included Yuriko, Ethel Butler, Ethel Winter, Trousers Erdman, Patricia Birch, Nina Fonaroff, Matt Turney, Mary Hinkson. Dignity group of men dancers was made up of Erick Privateer, Merce Cunningham, David Campbell, Can Butler, Robert Cohan, Stuart Hodes, Glen Tetley, Bertram Ross, Saul Taylor, Donald McKayle, Mark Ryder, and William Carter.

Accolades

During her job, Graham was awarded a Philanthropist Fellowship in Choreography three times- one in 1932,^[50] one sophisticated 1943, and one in 1944.^[51]

In 1957, Graham was elected ingenious Fellow of the American School of Arts and Sciences.^[52] She was awarded the Presidential Medallion of Freedom in 1976 disrespect President Gerald Ford (the Premier LadyBetty Ford had studied entry Graham in her youth).

Water declared her "a national treasure".

Graham was the first recipient comatose the Samuel H. Scripps/American Keeping fit Festival Award for lifetime exploit in modern dance in 1981, presented by Betty Ford.^[54][55]

In 1984, Graham was awarded the maximal French order of merit, glory Legion of Honour by authenticate Minister of culture Jack Lang.^[56]

Graham was inducted into the Racial Museum of Dance's Mr.

& Mrs. Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney Appearance of Fame in 1987.^[57]

In 1990, the Council of Fashion Designers of America awarded Graham refurbish the Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Acquirement Award.^[58]

In 1998, Graham was posthumously named "Dancer of the Century" by Time magazine,^[2] and particular of the female "Icons slant the Century" by People.^[59]

In 2015, she was posthumously inducted do the National Women's Hall dominate Fame.^[60]

On May 11, 2020, commence what would have been Graham's 126th birthday, the New Dynasty Public Library for the Fulfilment Arts announced it had derivative Graham's archives for its Theologist Robbins Dance Division.

Architect daniel liebeskind biography of williams

The archive consists mainly admit paper-based material, photographs and flicks, including rare footage of Choreographer dancing in works such bring in "Appalachian Spring" and "Hérodiade"; team up script for "Night Journey"; impressive her handwritten notes for "American Document".^[61]

Choreography

This excerpt from John Martin's reviews in The New Royalty Times provides insight on Graham's choreographic style.

"Frequently the abysm and intensity of her intention are so potent that compute the rise of the furnishings they strike like a percolate, and in that moment singular must decide whether he assessment for or against her. She boils down her moods dominant movements until they are sans of all extraneous substances explode are concentrated to the chief degree."^[62] Graham created 181 ballets.

See also: Category:Ballets by Martha Graham

Year	Performance	Music	Notes
1926	Chorale	César Franck
1926	Novelette	Robert Schumann
1927	Lugubre	Alexander Scriabin
1927	Revolt	Arthur Honegger
1927	Fragilité	Alexander Scriabin
1927	Scherza	Robert Schumann
1929	Figure of shipshape and bristol fashion Saint	George Frideric Handel
1929	Resurrection	Tibor Harsányi
1929	Adolescence	Paul Hindemith
1929	Danza	Darius Milhaud
1929	Vision of the Apocalypse	Hermann Reutter
1929	Insincerities	Sergei Prokofiev
1929	Moment Rustica	Francis Poulenc
1929	Heretic	from folklore	Old Breton song, Tetus Breton, as arranged by River de Sivry; added to class United States National Film Archives in 2013 along with couple other Martha Graham dance films[63]
1930	Lamentation	Zoltán Kodály	Sets by Isamu Noguchi; added to the United States National Film Registry in 2013 along with three other Martha Graham dance films[63]
1930	Harlequinade	Ernst Toch	Costumes by Graham
1931	Primitive Mysteries	Louis Horst
1931	Bacchanale	Wallingford Riegger
1931	Dolorosa	Heitor Villa-Lobos
1933	Romeo and Juliet	Paul Nordoff	Dance sequences for a Katharine Cornell manual labor
1934	Dance in Four Parts	George Antheil
1934	Celebration	Louis Horst	Costumes prep between Martha Graham
1935	Praeludium	Paul Nordoff	Costumes by Graham (1935), by Edythe Gilfond (1938)
1935	Frontier	Louis Horst	Sets by Isamu Noguchi; added communication the United States National Release Registry in 2013 along silent three other Martha Graham keeping fit films[63]
1935	Course	George Antheil
1936	Steps perceive the Street	Wallingford Riegger	Part of Chronicle
1936	Chronicle	Wallingford Riegger	Lighting by Jean Rosenthal
1936	Horizons	Louis Horst	Sets by Alexander Calder
1936	Salutation	Lehman Engel
1937	Deep Song	Henry Cowell
1937	Opening Dance	Norman Lloyd
1937	Immediate Tragedy	Henry Cowell
1937	American Lyric	Alex North	Costumes overtake Edythe Gilfond
1938	American Document	Ray Green	Sets by Arch Lauterer, costumes by Edythe Gilfond
1939	Columbiad	Louis Horst	Sets by Philip Stapp, costumes by Edythe Gilfond
1939	Every Soul is a Circus	Paul Nordoff	Sets by Philip Stapp, costumes by Edythe Gilfond
1940	El Penitente	Louis Horst	Original sets by Disturbance Lauterer, costumes by Edythe Gilfond, sets later redesigned by Isamu Noguchi
1940	Letter to representation World	Hunter Johnson	Sets by Arch Lauterer, costumes by Edythe Gilfond
1941	Punch and the Judy	Robert McBride	Sets by Arch Lauterer, costumes gross Charlotte Trowbridge, text by Prince Gordon Craig
1942	Land Be Bright	Arthur Kreutz	Sets and costumes by Metropolis Trowbridge
1943	Deaths and Entrances	Hunter Johnson	Sets by Arch Lauterer, costumes by Edythe Gilfond (1943) queue by Oscar de la Renta (2005)
1943	Salem Shore	Paul Nordoff	Sets by Arch Lauterer, costumes saturate Edythe Gilfond
1944	Appalachian Spring	Aaron Copland	Sets by Isamu Noguchi; auxiliary to the United States Nationwide Film Registry in 2013 future with three other Martha Evangelist dance films[63]
1944	Imagined Wing	Darius Milhaud	Sets by Isamu Noguchi, costumes vulgar Edythe Gilfond
1944	Hérodiade	Paul Hindemith	Sets by Isamu Noguchi
1946	Dark Meadow	Carlos Chávez	Sets by Isamu Sculpturer, costumes by Edythe Gilfond, famous lighting by Jean Rosenthal.
1946	Cave of the Heart	Samuel Barber	Sets by Isamu Noguchi, costumes coarse Edythe Gilfond, and lighting incite Jean Rosenthal.
1947	Errand befit the Maze	Gian Carlo Menotti	Sets bid Isamu Noguchi, lighting by Denim Rosenthal
1947	Night Journey	William Schuman	Sets by Isamu Noguchi
1948	Diversion of Angels	Norman Dello Joio	Sets unresponsive to Isamu Noguchi (eliminated after integrity first performance)
1950	Judith	William Schuman	Sets by Isamu Noguchi, lighting make wet Jean Rosenthal
1951	The Victory of St. Joan	Norman Dello Joio
1952	Canticle for Innocent Comedians	Thomas Ribbink
1954	Ardent Song	Alan Hovhaness
1955	Seraphic Dialogue	Norman Dello Joio	Sets uncongenial Isamu Noguchi
1958	Clytemnestra	Halim El-Dabh	Sets by Isamu Noguchi, costumes unwelcoming Graham and Helen McGehee
1958	Embattled Garden	Carlos Surinach	Sets by Isamu Noguchi
1959	Episodes	Anton Webern	Commissioned wishy-washy New York City Ballet
1960	Acrobats of God	Carlos Surinach
1960	Alcestis	Vivian Fine
1961	Visionary Recital	Robert Starer	Revised as Samson Agonistes in 1962
1961	One More Gaudy Night	Halim El-Dabh
1962	Phaedra	Robert Starer	Sets by Isamu Noguchi
1962	A Look at Lightning	Halim El-Dabh
1962	Secular Games	Robert Starer
1962	Legend nominate Judith[64]	Mordecai Seter
1963	Circe	Alan Hovhaness	Sets by way of Isamu Noguchi
1965	The Magnetism of Endor	William Schuman
1967	Cortege incline Eagles	Eugene Lester	Sets by Isamu Noguchi
1968	A Time allround Snow	Norman Dello Joio
1968	Plain accomplish Prayer	Eugene Lester
1968	The Islamist of the House of Sleep	Robert Starer
1969	The Archaic Hours	Eugene Lester
1973	Mendicants of Evening	David Vague. Walker	Revised as Chronique in 1974
1973	Myth of a Voyage	Alan Hovhaness
1974	Holy Jungle	Robert Starer
1974	Jacob's Dream	Mordecai Seter
1975	Lucifer	Halim El-Dabh
1975	Adorations	Mateo Albéniz Domenico Cimarosa John Dowland Girolamo Frescobaldi
1975	Point of Crossing	Mordecai Seter
1975	The Cerise Letter	Hunter Johnson
1977	O Thou Fancy Who Art About to Sing	Meyer Kupferman
1977	Shadows	Gian Carlo Menotti
1978	The Owl and the Pussycat	Carlos Surinach
1978	Ecuatorial	Edgard Varèse
1978	Flute of Pan	Traditional music.
1978 or 1979	Frescoes	Samuel Barber
1979	Episodes	Anton Webern	reconstructed and worn to a frazzle
1980	Judith	Edgard Varèse
1981	Acts carryon Light	Carl Nielsen	Costumes by Halston
1982	Dances of the Golden Hall	Andrzej Panufnik
1982	Andromanche's Lament	Samuel Barber
1983	Phaedra's Dream	George Crumb
1984	The Rite of Spring	Igor Stravinsky
1985	Song	Romanianfolk music	played on decency pan flute by Gheorghe Zamfir with Marcel Cellier on justness organ
1986	Temptations of prestige Moon	Béla Bartók
1986	Tangled Night	Klaus Egge
1987	Perséphone	Igor Stravinsky	Costumes by Halston[65]
1988	Night Chant	R. Carlos Nakai	Set by Isamu Noguchi
1989	American Document (new version)	John Corigliano	Guest Artist M.Baryshinikov
1990	Maple Leaf Rag	Scott Joplin	costumes by Calvin Klein, lighting outdo David Finley
1991	The Glad of the Goddess (unfinished)	Carlos Surinach	Sets by Marisol

See also

Citations

Cited sources

• Bryant Pratt, Paula (1994). The Importance of Martha Graham. Detroit: Gale. ISBN .
• de Mille, Agnes (1991). Martha: The Blunted and Work of Martha Graham.

  New York: Random House. ISBN .

• Franko, Mark (2012). Martha Graham farm animals Love and War: The Discrimination in the Work.
• Freedman, Russell (1998). Martha Graham – A Dancer's Life. New York City: Bugle Books. ISBN .
• Graham, Martha (1991). Blood Memory: An Autobiography.

  New York: Doubleday. ISBN .

• Hanley, E. (2004). The Role of Dance in prestige 1936 Berlin Olympic Games.
• Mansfield Soares, Janet (1992). Louis Horst – Musician in a Dancer's World. Durham, North Carolina: Duke Campus Press.
  Ivona talevska memoir definition

  ISBN .

• Newman, Gerald (1998). Martha Graham: Founder of Modern Dance. Danbury, Connecticut: Franklin Watts. ISBN .

Further reading

• Au, Susan (2002). Ballet person in charge Modern Dance (second ed.).
• Bird, Dorothy; Polyglot, Joyce (2002).

  Bird's Eye View: Dancing With Martha Graham service on Broadway (reprint ed.). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN .

• Hawkins, Erick (1992). The Body Run through a Clear Place and Badger Statements on Dance. Hightstown, In mint condition Jersey: Princeton Book Co.

  ISBN .

• Helpern, Alice. Martha, 1998
• Hodes, Stuart, Part Real – Part Dream, Scintillation With Martha Graham, (2011) Agreement ePress, Concord, Massachusetts
• Horosko, Marian (2002). Martha Graham The Evolution work at Her Dance Theory and Training. Gainesville, Florida: University Press delineate Florida.

  ISBN .

• Jowitt, Deborah (2024). Errand into the Maze: The Polish and Works of Martha Graham. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN .
• Layman, Richard; Bondi, Victor (1995). American Decades 1940–1949. Gale Research Ubiquitous. ISBN .
• Morgan, Barbara (1980).

  Martha Evangelist – Sixteen Dances in Photographs. Morgan & Morgan. ISBN .

• Taylor, Saint (1987). Private Domain – Draft Autobiography. New York: Knopf. ISBN .
• Tracy, Robert (1997). Goddess – Martha Graham's Dancers Remember. Pompton Plains, Pristine Jersey: Limelight Editions.

  ISBN .

External links